Centromeres are the genomic regions that organize and regulate chromosome behaviours
during cell cycle, and their variations are associated with genome instability, karyotype …

B chromosomes represent additional chromosomes found in many eukaryotic organisms.
Their origin is not completely understood but recent genomic studies suggest that they …

Sex chromosomes are generally derived from a pair of classical type-A chromosomes, and
relatively few alternative models have been proposed up to now. 1, 2 B chromosomes (Bs) …

Programmed DNA elimination (PDE) is a notable exception to the paradigm of genome
integrity. In metazoa, PDE often occurs coincident with germline to somatic cell …

The sex‐determining‐region (SDR) may offer the best prospects for studying sex‐
determining gene, recombination suppression, and chromosome heteromorphism …

B chromosomes, also known as supernumerary chromosomes, are dispensable elements in
the genome of many plants, animals, and fungi. Many B chromosomes have evolved one or …

The maize abnormal chromosome 10 (Ab10) haplotype encodes a meiotic drive system that
converts heterochromatic knobs into centromere-like bodies that are preferentially …

The supernumerary B chromosome of maize is dispensable, containing no vital genes, and
thus is variable in number and presence in lines of maize. In order to be maintained in …

B chromosomes are supernumerary elements found in several groups of eukaryotes,
including fungi, plants, and animals. Typically, these chromosomes either originate from …

The non‐essential supernumerary maize (Zea mays) B chromosome (B) has recently been
shown to contain active genes and to be capable of impacting gene expression of the A …