Abstract This White Paper presents an overview of the current status and future perspective
of QCD research, based on the community inputs and scientific conclusions from the 2022 …

The visible world is founded on the proton, the only composite building block of matter that is
stable in nature. Consequently, understanding the formation of matter relies on explaining …

Electromagnetic polarizabilities are fundamental properties of the proton that characterize its
response to an external electromagnetic (EM) field. The generalization of the EM …

This review gives an update on virtual Compton scattering (VCS) off the nucleon, γ∗ N→ γ
N, in the low-energy regime. We recall the theoretical formalism related to the generalized …

We present a phenomenological discussion of spin-independent, generalized dipole
polarizabilities of hadrons entering the virtual Compton scattering process γ* h→ γ h. We …

We study low-energy virtual Compton scattering off the proton within the framework of a
nonrelativistic constituent quark model. The Compton tensor is divided into two separately …

We report on new measurements of the electric Generalized Polarizability (GP) of the proton
E α E in a kinematic region where a puzzling dependence on momentum transfer has been …

Photon energy spectra up to the kinematic limit have been measured in 190 MeV proton
reactions with light and heavy nuclei to investigate the influence of the multiple-scattering …

These lectures give a pedagogical introduction to real and virtual Compton scattering at low
energies. We will first discuss real Compton scattering by a point particle as well as a …

Virtual Compton scattering off the nucleon (VCS) is studied in the regime of low energy of
the outgoing real photon. This regime allows one to directly access the generalized …