Recent global temperature reconstructions for the current interglacial period (the Holocene,
beginning 11,700 years ago) have generated contrasting trends. This Review examines …

The pre-industrial Holocene provides the backdrop for the emergence of civilisations and
the starting point of anthropogenic climate change. Several reconstructions show an early …

The Holocene temperature conundrum, the discrepancy between proxy-based Holocene
global cooling and simulated global annual warming trends, remains controversial …

Asia's mountainous arid and semiarid regions feature forests in wet high-mountain areas
and grasslands/deserts in dry basins. Assessing changes in millennial-scale effective …

Human impacts on lakes can lead to nutrient release, increased algal productivity and
consequently low oxygen concentrations in deepwater environments. Here we report the …

Pollen taxonomic harmonisation involves the standardisation of the nomenclature of pollen
and fern spores with similar morphotypes at the determination level that is common to all …

The history and driving forces of aeolian activity in western Mongolia remain poorly
understood due to the scarcity of geological archives. Here, we obtained a record of …

Boreal vegetation is influenced by multiple factors such as climate and fire, but interactions
between long-and short-term effects of climate upon fire activity are complex and remain …

In this study, we employ biological, geochemical and mineral, and physical proxies to
quantitatively and semi-quantitatively reconstruct regional paleoclimate variations in China …

Climatic changes in southern Europe during the Holocene are characterized by a strong
spatial and temporal heterogeneity whose patterns are still poorly understood, notably the …