Our understanding of the ubiquitin code has greatly evolved from conventional E1, E2 and
E3 enzymes that modify Lys residues on specific substrates with a single type of ubiquitin …

Traditional drug discovery mainly focuses on direct regulation of protein activity. The
development and application of protein activity modulators, particularly inhibitors, has been …

Anticancer nanomedicines have been proven effective in mitigating the side effects of
chemotherapeutic drugs. However, challenges remain in augmenting their therapeutic …

Molecular proximity orchestrates biological function, and blocking existing proximities is an
established therapeutic strategy. By contrast, strengthening or creating neoproximity with …

Glycoconjugates are major constituents of mammalian cells that are formed via covalent
conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules like proteins and lipids and often …

Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising cancer treatment modality that enables
the selective delivery of highly cytotoxic payloads to tumours. However, realizing the full …

The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies toward their antigens have made them a highly
valuable tool in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. A plethora of chemical and …

Targeted degradation of cell surface and extracellular proteins via lysosomal delivery is an
important means to modulate extracellular biology. However, these approaches have …

Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in older individuals. AD is
characterized pathologically by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles in the …

Targeted protein degradation (TPD) provides unprecedented opportunities for drug
discovery. While the proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology has already …