The rotation of a star and the revolutions of its planets are not necessarily aligned. This
article reviews the measurement techniques, key findings, and theoretical interpretations …

Over the course of the past two decades, observational surveys have unveiled the intricate
orbital structure of the Kuiper Belt, a field of icy bodies orbiting the Sun beyond Neptune. In …

The composition of a planet's atmosphere is determined by its formation, evolution, and
present-day insolation. A planet's spectrum therefore may hold clues on its origins. We …

We present the first measurement of the mass function of free-floating planets (FFPs), or very
wide orbit planets down to an Earth mass, from the MOA-II microlensing survey in 2006 …

Abstract The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman) will perform a Galactic
Exoplanet Survey (RGES) to discover bound exoplanets with semimajor axes greater than 1 …

We review the role of stellar flybys and encounters in shaping planet-forming discs around
young stars, based on the published literature on this topic in the last 30 years. Since most …

Surveys have shown that super-Earth and Neptune-mass exoplanets are more frequent than
gas giants around low-mass stars, as predicted by the core accretion theory of planet …

Planet formation is generally described in terms of a system containing the host star and a
protoplanetary disk,–, of which the internal properties (for example, mass and metallicity) …

Context. A first characterization of extrasolar planets by the observational determination of
the radius has recently been achieved for a large number of planets. For some planets, a …

Context. The research of extrasolar planets has entered an era in which we characterize
extrasolar planets. This has become possible with measurements of the radii of transiting …