Tumour progression is modulated by the local microenvironment. This environment is
populated by many immune cells, of which macrophages are among the most abundant …

Currently, pyroptosis has received more and more attention because of its association with
innate immunity and disease. The research scope of pyroptosis has expanded with the …

The microbiota are vital for immune homeostasis and provide a competitive barrier to
bacterial and fungal pathogens. Here, we investigated how gut commensals modulate …

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of receptors that can directly recognize the
specific molecular structures on the surface of pathogens, apoptotic host cells, and damaged …

Dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles
in both innate and adaptive immune responses. Due to their ability to cross-present tumor …

Abstract Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 belongs to the TLR family of receptors inducing pro-
inflammatory responses to invading pathogens. TLR4 is activated by lipopolysaccharide …

NF-κB pathway consists of canonical and non-canonical pathways. The canonical NF-κB is
activated by various stimuli, transducing a quick but transient transcriptional activity, to …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) is the pathogen that causes
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). As of 25 May 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 has …

Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, are a global public health
burden with poorly understood aetiology. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS) are …

With the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, novel antibacterial strategies are urgently
needed. In recent years, several antibiotics-independent physical approaches have …