Gas diffusion layer (GDL) has a critical role in determining the performance of proton
exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells and electrolysers by facilitating uninterrupted and …

We have reviewed more than 100 references that are related to water management in
proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, with a particular focus on the issue of water …

Plant scientists believe that transpiration—the motion of water from the soil, through a
vascular plant, and into the air—occurs by a passive, wicking mechanism. This mechanism …

Water balance has been proven to be critical not only for the performance but also for the
durability of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This paper reviews …

We have used environmental scanning electron microscope to observe vapor condensation
and liquid water morphology and breakthrough in porous layers of polymer electrolyte …

The transport of liquid water and gaseous reactants through a gas diffusion layer (GDL) is
one of the most important water management issues in a proton exchange membrane fuel …

A multi-dimensional, non-isothermal, two-phase numerical model is used to understand the
role of the microporous layer (MPL) in improving polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) …

Understanding how water produced in the cathode catalyst layer is removed during proton
exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) operation is critical for optimization of materials and …

A highly reliable experimental system that consistently closed the overall water balance to
within 5% was developed to study the role of a microporous layer (MPL), attached to carbon …

Formerly considered as a secondary component of fuel cell, gas diffusion layers (GDLs)
have been shown to have a key role in gas transport to the catalyst layers and in water …