Bone tissue engineering has been continuously developing since the concept of “tissue
engineering” has been proposed. Biomaterials that are used as the basic material for the …

Electrically conducting polymers such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, and their
derivatives (mainly aniline oligomer and poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) with good …

Biomass waste comes from a wide range of sources, such as forest, agricultural, algae
wastes, as well as other relevant industrial by-products. It is an important alternative energy …

The electronics surrounding us in our daily lives rely almost exclusively on electrons as the
dominant charge carrier. In stark contrast, biological systems rarely use electrons but rather …

Tissue engineering is considered one of the most important therapeutic strategies of
regenerative medicine. The main objective of these new technologies is the development of …

Human body motion can generate a biological electric field and a current, creating a voltage
gradient of− 10 to− 90 mV across cell membranes. In turn, this gradient triggers cells to …

Bone tissue engineering utilizes three critical elements–cells, scaffolds, and bioactive factors–
to recapitulate the bone tissue microenvironment, inducing the formation of new bone …

Resulting from its wide range of beneficial properties, the conjugated conducting polymer
poly (3, 4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT) is a promising material in a number of …

Tissue engineering endeavors to regenerate tissues and organs through appropriate
cellular and molecular interactions at biological interfaces. To this aim, bio-mimicking …

Significant amount of research efforts have been dedicated to the development of scaffolds
for tissue engineering. Although at present most of the studies are focused on non-load …