Female genitalia have been largely neglected in studies of genital evolution, perhaps due to
the long‐standing belief that they are relatively invariable and therefore taxonomically and …

ABSTRACT A viper injecting venom into a target, a mantis shrimp harpooning a fish, a
cactus dispersing itself via spines attaching to passing mammals; all these are examples of …

Male–female coevolution has taken different paths among closely related species, but our
understanding of the factors that govern its direction is limited. While it is clear that …

Background Sexual dimorphism in immunity is believed to reflect sex differences in
reproductive strategies and trade-offs between competing life history demands. Sexual …

Climates are changing rapidly, demanding equally rapid adaptation of natural populations.
Whether sexual selection can aid such adaptation is under debate; while sexual selection …

To mitigate the effects of climate change, it is important to understand species' responses to
increasing temperatures. This has often been done by studying survival or activity at …

Genitalia are morphologically variable across many taxa and in physical contact during
intromission, but little is known about how variation in form correlates with function during …

Rapid divergence in external genital structures occurs in nearly all animal groups that
practice internal insemination; explaining this pattern is a major challenge in evolutionary …

Whether sexual selection impedes or aids adaptation has become an outstanding question
in times of rapid environmental change and parallels the debate about how the evolution of …

Polyandry, or multiple mating by females with different males, is commonplace. One
explanation is that females engage in convenience polyandry, mating multiple times to …