This paper presents a systematic review of the perception systems and simulators for
autonomous vehicles (AV). This work has been divided into three parts. In the first part …

Inability to efficiently implement high-throughput field phenotyping is increasingly perceived
as a key component that limits genetic gain in breeding programs. Field phenotyping must …

The accurate plant organ segmentation is crucial and challenging to the quantification of
plant architecture and selection of plant ideotype. The popularity of point cloud data and …

Phenotyping of crops is important due to increasing pressure on food production. Therefore,
an accurate estimation of biomass during the growing season can be important to optimize …

Plant phenomics (PP) has been recognized as a bottleneck in studying the interactions of
genomics and environment on plants, limiting the progress of smart breeding and precise …

The study of phenomes or phenomics has been a central part of biology. The field of
automatic phenotype acquisition technologies based on images has seen an important …

The complex interaction between a genotype and its environment controls the biophysical
properties of a plant, manifested in observable traits, ie, plant's phenome, which influences …

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a promising platform for determining
the dynamic phenotypic traits of crops in the field in a rapid and cost-effective manner. Crop …

Lodging stress seriously affects the yield, quality, and mechanical harvesting of maize, and
is a major natural disaster causing maize yield reduction. The aim of this study was to obtain …

In this review, we examine opportunities and challenges for 21st-century robotic agricultural
cotton harvesting research and commercial development. The paper reviews opportunities …