Few physiological parameters are more tightly and acutely regulated in humans than blood
glucose concentration. The major cellular mechanism that diminishes blood glucose when …

Vesicular traffic of the glucose transporter GLUT4 occurs in response to insulin, muscle
contraction, and metabolic stimuli that lead to changes in the energy status of the cell. These …

GLUT4 is an insulin-regulated glucose transporter that is responsible for insulin-regulated
glucose uptake into fat and muscle cells. In the absence of insulin, GLUT4 is mainly found in …

The renin angiotensin system (RAS) produced hormone peptides regulate many vital body
functions. Dysfunctional signaling by receptors for RAS peptides leads to pathologic states …

Insulin is now well-established as playing multiple roles within the brain, and specifically as
regulating hippocampal cognitive processes and metabolism. Impairments to insulin …

To enhance glucose uptake into muscle and fat cells, insulin stimulates the translocation of
GLUT4 glucose transporters from intracellular membranes to the cell surface. This response …

The Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) is phosphorylated on Akt substrate (PAS) motifs in
response to insulin and contraction in skeletal muscle, regulating glucose uptake. Here we …

Insulin stimulation of the trafficking of the glucose transporter GLUT4 to the plasma
membrane is controlled in part by the phosphorylation of the Rab GAP (GTPase-activating …

AS160 (Akt substrate of 160 kDa) mediates insulin-stimulated GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4)
translocation, but is widely expressed in insulin-insensitive tissues lacking GLUT4. Having …

Insulin and exercise, the most important physiological stimuli to increase glucose transport
in skeletal muscle, trigger a redistribution of GLUT4 glucose transporter proteins from the …