This paper is a tribute to researchers who have significantly contributed to improving and
advancing structural equation modeling (SEM). It is, therefore, a brief overview of SEM and …

This paper provides a brief overview to four major types of causal models for health-
sciences research: Graphical models (causal diagrams), potential-outcome (counterfactual) …

This book demonstrates how to estimate and interpret fixed-effects models in a variety of
different modeling contexts: linear models, logistic models, Poisson models, Cox regression …

Exploring theoretically plausible alternative models for explaining the phenomenon under
study is a crucial step in advancing scientific knowledge. This paper advocates model …

This book instructs the reader how to do a social science fieldstudy—a research genre often
labeled “ethnography,”“qualitative research,” and/or “naturalistic research.” While field …

Linear structural equation modeling has become an indispensable methodology for
specifying, estimating, and testing hypothesized interrelationships among a set of …

In this second edition of Counterfactuals and Causal Inference, completely revised and
expanded, the essential features of the counterfactual approach to observational data …

The quantitative and qualitative research traditions can be thought of as distinct cultures
marked by different values, beliefs, and norms. In this essay, we adopt this metaphor toward …

Recent studies have shown strong temporal correlations between past climate changes and
societal crises. However, the specific causal mechanisms underlying this relation have not …

In this article, we consider how the economic return to a college education varies across
members of the US population. Based on principles of comparative advantage, scholars …