▪ Abstract Mouse embryonic stem cells are continuous cell lines derived directly from the
fetal founder tissue of the preimplantation embryo. They can be expanded in culture while …

Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme commonly expressed in almost all living organisms. In
humans and other mammals, determinations of the expression and activity of alkaline …

Our recent perplexing findings that polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs) acquired
embryonic-like stemness and were capable of tumor initiation raised two important …

The tumour suppressor p53 becomes activated in response to upstream stress signals, such
as DNA damage, and causes cell-cycle arrest or apoptosis. Here we report a novel role for …

Stem cells represent natural units of embryonic development and tissue regeneration.
Embryonic stem (ES) cells, in particular, possess a nearly unlimited self-renewal capacity …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which comprise a small fraction of cancer cells, are believed to
constitute the origin of most human tumors. Considerable effort has been focused on …

We report the isolation of a population of immature dental pulp stem cells (IDPSC), which
express embryonic stem cell markers Oct-4, Nanog, SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and TRA-1 …

Abstract BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes key proteins associated with
the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Defects to mtDNA cause severe disease …

Retinoic acid (RA) is one of the most important morphogens, and its embryonic distribution
correlates with neural differentiation and positional specification in the developing central …

Fat cells (adipocytes) develop from adipocyte precursor cells (preadipocytes) that
themselves derive from mesenchymal progenitors. Although the events controlling …