Nature achieves differentiation of specific and nonspecific binding in molecular interactions
through precise control of biomolecules in space and time. Artificial systems such as …

The widespread use of molecular machines in biology has long suggested that great
rewards could come from bridging the gap between synthetic molecular systems and the …

Optical tweezers, tools based on strongly focused light, enable optical trapping,
manipulation, and characterisation of a wide range of microscopic and nanoscopic …

Bacterial adhesion has become a significant problem in industry and in the domicile, and
much research has been done for deeper understanding of the processes involved. A …

Since their invention just over 20 years ago, optical traps have emerged as a powerful tool
with broad-reaching applications in biology and physics. Capabilities have evolved from …

Transport phenomena in spatially periodic systems far from thermal equilibrium are
considered. The main emphasis is put on directed transport in so-called Brownian motors …

The widespread use of controlled molecular‐level motion in key natural processes suggests
that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of …

The miniaturization of components used in the construction of working devices is being
pursued currently by the large‐downward (top‐down) fabrication. This approach, however …

Recent advances in single-molecule detection and single-molecule spectroscopy at room
temperature by laser-induced fluorescence offer new tools for the study of individual …

It has been over 20 years since the pioneering work of Arthur Ashkin, and in the intervening
years, the field of optical tweezers has grown tremendously. Optical tweezers are now being …