Metalloporphyrins are widely used throughout the biosphere, and of these heme (iron
protoporphyrin IX, Figure 1) is one of the most abundant and widely used. Heme shuttles …

The heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) enzyme system remains an attractive therapeutic target for
the treatment of inflammatory conditions. HO-1, a cellular stress protein, serves a vital …

Many oxidation–reduction (redox) enzymes, particularly oxygenases, have roles in reactions
that make and break C–C bonds. The list includes cytochrome P450 and other heme-based …

Heme-copper oxidases (HCOs) are terminal enzymes on the mitochondrial or bacterial
respiratory electron transport chain, which utilize a unique heterobinuclear active site to …

Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenous small signalling molecule in the human body,
produced by the action of haem oxygenase on haem. Since it is very difficult to apply safely …

The heme iron complex is one of the most important cofactors in biological systems (Figure
1). The major functions of the heme iron complex are to serve as the O2 binding site for …

Iron is a transition metal utilized by nearly all forms of life for essential cellular processes,
such as DNA synthesis and cellular respiration. During infection by bacterial pathogens, the …

Carbon monoxide is now well-established as a small-molecule biological effector in the
human body. Metal–carbonyl complexes are a promising way to achieve safe and controlled …

The highly contagious disease tuberculosis (TB) is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium
tuberculosis (Mtb), which has been evolving drug resistance at an alarming rate. Like all …

The deoxy-myoglobin (deoxy-Mb)/carbonmonoxy-myoglobin (Mb-CO) UV-vis assay is the
principal method used for quantifying the rates of CO release from CO-releasing molecules …