The biological pump transports organic matter, created by phytoplankton productivity in the
well-lit surface ocean, to the ocean's dark interior, where it is consumed by animals and …

The Argo Program has been implemented and sustained for almost two decades, as a
global array of about 4000 profiling floats. Argo provides continuous observations of ocean …

Biogeochemical-Argo (BGC-Argo) is a network of profiling floats carrying sensors that
enable observation of as many as six essential biogeochemical and bio-optical variables …

More than 90% of the heat energy accumulation in the climate system between 1971 and
the present has been in the ocean. Thus, the ocean plays a crucial role in determining the …

Human activities have altered the state of the ocean, leading to warming, acidification and
deoxygenation. These changes impact ocean biogeochemistry and influence ecosystem …

Mesoscale phenomena are ubiquitous and highly energetic features of ocean circulation.
Their influence on biological and biogeochemical processes varies widely, stemming not …

Climate change, rising atmospheric carbon dioxide, excess nutrient inputs, and pollution in
its many forms are fundamentally altering the chemistry of the ocean, often on a global scale …

Ocean warming and increased stratification of the upper ocean caused by global climate
change will likely lead to declines in dissolved O2 in the ocean interior (ocean …

The phenomenon of subsurface chlorophyll maximum layers (SCMLs) is not a unique
ecological response to environmental conditions; rather, a broad range of interacting …

Photosynthetic production of organic matter by microscopic oceanic phytoplankton fuels
ocean ecosystems and contributes roughly half of the Earth's net primary production. For …