Intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) is a behavioral procedure in which operant responding is
maintained by pulses of electrical brain stimulation. In research to study abuse-related drug …

New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a heterogeneous and rapidly evolving class of
molecules available on the global illicit drug market (eg smart shops, internet,“dark net”) as a …

Food, drugs and brain stimulation can serve as strong rewarding stimuli and are all believed
to activate common brain circuits that evolved in mammals to favour fitness and survival. For …

Over the last decades, the endocannabinoid system has been implicated in a large variety of
functions, including a crucial modulation of brain-reward circuits and the regulation of …

It is firmly established that women experience major depression (MD) at roughly twice the
rate of men and that dysregulation of the immune system is associated with the appearance …

The endocannabinoid system has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of
physiological processes, including a crucial involvement in brain reward systems and the …

Cannabinoids have been suggested to protect retinal ganglion cells in different models of
toxicity, but their effects on other retinal neurons are poorly known. We investigated the …

Data on the ability of Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to modify reward processes in
experimental animals are inconsistent. This study examined the effects of Δ 9-THC on brain …

Intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) is an operant behavioral paradigm in which experimental
animals learn to deliver brief electrical pulses into specific regions of their own brains that …

Cannabis preparations as recreational drugs are the most widely used illicit drugs in the
world. Although cannabis derivatives produce clear subjective motivational responses in …