The β-lactams retain a central place in the antibacterial armamentarium. In Gram-negative
bacteria, β-lactamase enzymes that hydrolyze the amide bond of the four-membered β …

The β-lactams are the most widely used antibacterial agents worldwide. These antibiotics, a
group that includes the penicillins and cephalosporins, are covalent inhibitors that target …

Carbapenems stand as one of the last-resort antibiotics; however, their efficacy is threatened
by the rising number and rapid spread of carbapenemases. Effective antimicrobial …

ABSTRACT OXA-48-type β-lactamases are now routinely encountered in bacterial infections
caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. These enzymes are of high and growing …

The title of this essay is as much a question as it is a statement. The discovery of the β-
lactam antibiotics—including penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems—as largely (if …

Abstract β-Lactamases are a major threat to the clinical use of carbapenems, which are often
antibiotics of last resort. Despite this, the reaction outcomes and mechanisms by which β …

The carbapenem family of β-lactam antibiotics displays a remarkably broad spectrum of
bactericidal activity, exemplified by meropenem's phase II clinical trial success in patients …

OXA-48 β-lactamases are frequently encountered in bacterial infections caused by
carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Due to the importance of carbapenems in the …

The resistance to carbapenems is usually mediated by enzymes hydrolyzing β-lactam ring.
Recently, an alternative way of the modification of the antibiotic, a β-lactone formation by …

Enzymes often use nucleophilic serine, threonine, and cysteine residues to achieve the
same type of reaction; the underlying reasons for this are not understood. While bacterial d …