The last decade has witnessed an increase in Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) research.
Myriads of application scenarios have been proposed and toolkits, as well as procedures …

This study presents ErgoPulse, a system that integrates biomechanical simulation with
electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) to provide kinesthetic force feedback to the lower-body …

Handheld virtual reality (VR) controllers enable users to manipulate virtual objects in VR but
do not convey a virtual object's weight. This hinders users from effectively experiencing …

Virtual reality technology and immersive virtual environments often support realistic hand
representations via hand-posture-sensing controllers or hand tracking for natural hand …

Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) has unique capabilities that can manipulate users'
actions or perceptions, such as actuating user movement while walking, changing the …

The inertia of manipulated objects contributes to natural human performance, but its effects
on virtual reality (VR) interactions have rarely been investigated. Here, we designed a virtual …

Virtual reality (VR) objects react dynamically to users' touch interactions in real-time.
However, experiencing changes in weight through the haptic sense remains challenging …

Pseudo-haptic techniques are becoming increasingly popular in human-computer
interaction. They replicate haptic sensations by leveraging primarily visual feedback rather …

This study investigates weight perception in virtual reality without kinesthetic feedback from
the real world, by means of an illusory method called pseudo-haptic. This illusory model …

Robotic technology and functional electrical stimulation (FES) have emerged as highly
effective rehabilitative techniques for individuals with neuromuscular diseases, showcasting …