Vaccines are one of the most powerful technologies supporting public health. The adaptive
immune response induced by immunization arises following appropriate activation and …

The purpose of this review is to demonstrate the critical importance of understanding protein–
excipient interactions as a key step in the rational design of formulations to stabilize and …

Aluminum-containing adjuvants are widely used in preventive vaccines against infectious
diseases and in preparations for allergy immunotherapy. The mechanism by which they …

Developing efficient and safe adjuvants for use in human vaccines remains both a challenge
and a necessity. Past approaches have been largely empirical and generally used a single …

Many currently used and candidate vaccine adjuvants are particulate in nature, but their
mechanism of action is not well understood. Here, we show that particulate adjuvants …

Peptide-based subunit vaccines are of great interest in modern immunotherapy as they are
safe, easy to produce and well defined. However, peptide antigens produce a relatively …

Aluminum hydroxide is used as a vaccine adjuvant in various human vaccines.
Unfortunately, despite its favorable safety profile, aluminum hydroxide can only weakly or …

Adjuvants such as the aluminum compounds (alum) have been dominantly used in many
vaccines due to their immunopotentiation and safety records since 1920s. However, how …

Aluminum-containing adjuvants are an important component of many vaccines because
they safely potentiate the immune response. The structure and properties of aluminum …

Adjuvants are included in sub-unit or recombinant vaccines to enhance the potency of
poorly immunogenic antigens. Adjuvant discovery is as complex as it is a multidiscplinary …