ABSTRACT A preponderance of evidence from systematic reviews supports the
effectiveness of weight‐bearing exercises on bone mass accrual, especially during the …

Background Cycling is considered to be a highly beneficial sport for significantly enhancing
cardiovascular fitness in individuals, yet studies show little or no corresponding …

Bone strength is influenced by bone geometry, density, and bone microarchitecture, which
adapt to increased mechanical loads during growth. Physical activity (PA) is essential for …

Calcium and vitamin D are essential nutrients for bone health. Periods of activity with
repetitive mechanical loading, such as military training, may result in increases in …

Long bones are composite materials possessing nonhomogeneous and anisotropic
properties. They repair themselves (self-repairing) and adapt to changing mechanical …

A complex interplay of genetic, environmental, hormonal, and behavioral factors affect
skeletal development, several of which are associated with childhood fractures. Given the …

Abstract Purpose of Review Summarize the recent literature that investigates how advanced
medical imaging has contributed to our understanding of skeletal phenotypes and fracture …

Accurately estimating whole bone strength is critical for identifying individuals that may
benefit from prophylactic treatments aimed at reducing fracture risk. Strength is often …

Increased risk of fracture identified in obese children has led to a focus on the relationship
between fat, bone, and the impact of obesity during skeletal development. Early studies …

Understanding the influence of total body fat mass (TBFM) on bone during the peri-pubertal
years is critical for the development of future interventions aimed at improving bone strength …