Adenosine is an evolutionary ancient metabolic regulator linking energy state to physiologic
processes, including immunomodulation and cell proliferation. Tumors create an adenosine …

The extracellular nucleoside adenosine reduces tissue inflammation and is generated by
irreversible dephosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) mediated by the …

Research on tumour cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that regulate tumour
microenvironment (TME) has provided strategies for targeted therapy of head and neck …

Cancer treatment has been advanced with the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)
exemplified by anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), anti-programmed …

Background Translating aging rejuvenation strategies into clinical practice has the potential
to address the unmet needs of the global aging population. However, to successfully do so …

In ischemic stroke, the primary neuronal injury caused by the disruption of energy supply is
further exacerbated by secondary sterile inflammation. The inflammatory cascade is largely …

Background CD73 is an ectonucleotidase producing the immunosuppressor mediator
adenosine. Elevated levels of circulating CD73 in patients with cancer have been …

Exosomes are membrane extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all kinds of cells, which
are rich in proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. As a medium of intercellular communication …

The concept of cancer immunotherapy has gained immense momentum over the recent
years. The advancements in checkpoint blockade have led to a notable progress in treating …

Mutation burden, hypoxia, and immunoediting contribute to altered metabolic profiles in
tumor cells, resulting in a tumor microenvironment (TME) characterized by accumulation of …