With the global climate anomalies and the destruction of ecological balance, the water
shortage has become a serious ecological problem facing all mankind, and drought has …

Several halophytes and a few crop plants, including Poaceae, synthesize and accumulate
glycine betaine (GB) in response to environmental constraints. GB plays an important role in …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously generated within living systems and the
inability to manage ROS load leads to elevated oxidative stress and cell damage. Oxidative …

▪ Abstract Plant responses to salinity stress are reviewed with emphasis on molecular
mechanisms of signal transduction and on the physiological consequences of altered gene …

Various compatible solutes enable plants to tolerate abiotic stress, and glycinebetaine (GB)
is one of the most‐studied among such solutes. Early research on GB focused on the …

Many plants accumulate organic osmolytes in response to the imposition of environmental
stresses that cause cellular dehydration. Although an adaptive role for these compounds in …

The productivity of plants is greatly affected by various environmental stresses. Soil salinity
affects plant growth and development by way of osmotic stress, injurious effects of toxic Na+ …

The accumulation of compatible solutes, such as betaines, proline and sugar alcohols, is a
widespread response that may protect plants against environmental stress. It is not yet fully …

Dietary intake of l-carnitine can promote cardiovascular diseases in humans through
microbial production of trimethylamine (TMA) and its subsequent oxidation to trimethylamine …

▪ Abstract Temperature stresses experienced by plants can be classified into three types:
those occurring at (a) temperatures below freezing,(b) low temperatures above freezing, and …