What explains civilian victimization during civil war? Existing scholarship claims that
violence against civilians is driven primarily by competition between armed actors. We argue …

The victimization of civilians and combatants during internal conflicts causes large
socioeconomic costs. Unfortunately, it is not clear whether peace negotiations can …

How can we analyze violence against civilians in civil wars over time and with attention both
to local context and international comparability? I argue that we should integrate theories …

Political elites often employ propaganda to affect the behavior of a particular social group by
altering its members' social identities. The empirical literature has demonstrated that this …

Why do mass-killing episodes end? Most attention is paid to international tools for ending
atrocities. Instead, we consider how domestic politics alter the duration of killing by focusing …

Violence against civilians has been extensively researched within the field of conflict
studies, with scholars like Kalyvas (2006) emphasizing the strategic nature of victimization …

Whilst the academic discipline analysing violence against civilians from a strategic
perspective has seen significant growth over the last decades, a key issue has been …

We introduce a dynamic game of outbidding where two groups use violence to compete for
evolving public support in a tug-of-war fashion. We fit the model to the canonical outbidding …