Many personal and policy decisions turn on perceptions of school effectiveness, defined
here as the causal effect of attendance at a particular school or set of schools on student test …

Many studies in economics use instruments or treatments which combine a set of
exogenous shocks with other predetermined variables by a known formula. Examples …

We use admissions lotteries to estimate the effects of large-scale public preschool in Boston
on college-going, college preparation, standardized test scores, and behavioral outcomes …

This paper shows that racial composition shocks during the Great Migration (1940–1970)
reduced the gains from growing up in the northern United States for Black families and can …

This paper provides evidence from a natural experiment on the relationship between
positive affect and productivity. We link highly detailed administrative data on the behaviors …

In this survey we discuss the recent causal panel data literature. This recent literature has
focused on credibly estimating causal effects of binary interventions in settings with …

We study estimation of causal effects in staggered-rollout designs—that is, settings where
there is staggered treatment adoption and the timing of treatment is as good as randomly …

This paper estimates the effects of improving public transit infrastructure on city structure and
welfare. It develops a sufficient statistics approach common to a class of quantitative urban …

We develop a new approach to estimating the causal effects of treatments or instruments
that combine multiple sources of variation according to a known formula. Examples include …

In the context of the external disruption presented by the COVID-19 pandemic, we
investigate (1) how individual-level resilience and inter-functional coordination relate to …