The continual need to increase food production necessitates the development and
application of novel biotechnologies to enable the provision of improved crop varieties in a …

Plant‐derived protease inhibitors (PIs) are a promising defensin for crop improvement and
insect pest management. Although agronomist made significant efforts in utilizing PIs for …

Plants commonly accumulate lectins and proteinaceous protease inhibitors in their various
tissues, sometimes in high concentrations. Much evidence suggests that one of the functions …

Transgenic resistance to insects has been demonstrated in plants expressing insecticidal
genes such as δ-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), protease inhibitors, enzymes …

Plant serine protease inhibitors are defense proteins crafted by nature for inhibiting serine
proteases. Use of eco-friendly, sustainable and effective protein molecules which could halt …

Programmed cell death (PCD) is a central regulatory process in both plant development and
in plant responses to pathogens. PCD requires a coordinate activation of pro-apoptotic …

Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) is a striking example of polyphagy among
herbivores with an extreme record of pesticide resistance and one of the most significant …

Due to increasing problems occurring from massive applications of pesticides, such as
insect resistance to pesticides, the use of biotechnological tools to minimize losses from …

The activities of digestive protease within the midgut of Mamestra configurata (bertha
armyworm) larvae were examined using specific substrates and protease inhibitors. The …

Each year billions of dollars are spent worldwide on insect control in agriculture [1]. Despite
this expenditure, up to 40% of a crop can be lost to insect damage, particularly in developing …