Executive summary After more than a decade of major achievements, the AIDS response is
at a crucial juncture, both in terms of its immediate trajectory and its sustainability, as well as …

HAART has considerable treatment and prevention benefits and it needs to be considered
as a key element of combination prevention. To explore HAART as an effective prevention …

Trust and confidence are critical to the success of health care models. There are two main
methods for achieving this: transparency (people can see how the model is built) and …

Background For adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who have CD4+
T-cell counts that are greater than 200 and less than 350 per cubic millimeter and who live in …

Background. Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains a common AIDS-defining illness in
Africa and Asia. Subclinical cryptococcal antigenemia is frequently unmasked with …

Critical care must meet a further challenge, in that it has often been deemed inappropriate or
at least of lower priority than prevention and primary care. This lack of prioritization is not …

Background Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) significantly reduces HIV transmission. We
conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of the impact of expanded ART in South Africa …

Background According to consensus, initiation of therapy is best based on CD4 cell count, a
marker of immune status, rather than on viral load, a marker of virologic replication. For …

Background The increasing availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has improved survival
and quality of life for many infected with HIV, but can also engender drug resistance. This …

Unprecedented investments in health systems in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs)
have resulted in more than 8 million individuals on antiretroviral therapy. Such individuals …