Reasons for and consequences of low energy availability in female and male athletes: social environment, adaptations, and prevention

P Wasserfurth, J Palmowski, A Hahn, K Krüger - Sports medicine-open, 2020 - Springer
Low energy availability (LEA) represents a state in which the body does not have enough
energy left to support all physiological functions needed to maintain optimal health. When …

Low energy availability: history, definition and evidence of its endocrine, metabolic and physiological effects in prospective studies in females and males

JL Areta, HL Taylor, K Koehler - European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2021 - Springer
Energy availability (EA) is defined as the amount of dietary energy available to sustain
physiological function after subtracting the energetic cost of exercise. Insufficient EA due to …

Nutrition and athlete bone health

C Sale, KJ Elliott-Sale - Sports Medicine, 2019 - Springer
Athletes should pay more attention to their bone health, whether this relates to their longer-
term bone health (eg risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis) or their shorter-term risk of bony …

Nutrition for the prevention and treatment of injuries in track and field athletes

GL Close, C Sale, K Baar… - … journal of sport …, 2019 - journals.humankinetics.com
Injuries are an inevitable consequence of athletic performance with most athletes sustaining
one or more during their athletic careers. As many as one in 12 athletes incur an injury …

Mapping the complexities of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs): development of a physiological model by a subgroup of the International Olympic Committee …

LM Burke, KE Ackerman, IA Heikura… - British journal of sports …, 2023 - bjsm.bmj.com
The 2023 International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus statement on Relative Energy
Deficiency in Sport (REDs) notes that exposure to low energy availability (LEA) exists on a …

Low energy availability in female athletes: From the lab to the field

IA Heikura, T Stellingwerff, JL Areta - European Journal of Sport …, 2022 - Taylor & Francis
Decades of laboratory research have shown impairments to several body systems after only
4–5 days of strictly controlled consistent low energy availability (LEA); where energy …

Biological and socio-cultural factors have the potential to influence the health and performance of elite female athletes: a cross sectional survey of 219 elite female …

AK Heather, H Thorpe, M Ogilvie, ST Sims… - Frontiers in sports and …, 2021 - frontiersin.org
Health is a pre-requisite for optimal performance yet the parameters which govern health
and performance of elite female athletes are little understood. The aim of this study was to …

2023 International Olympic Committee's (IOC) consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs)

M Mountjoy, KE Ackerman, DM Bailey… - British journal of sports …, 2023 - bjsm.bmj.com
Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) was first introduced in 2014 by the International
Olympic Committee's expert writing panel, identifying a syndrome of deleterious health and …

The bone metabolic response to exercise and nutrition

E Dolan, I Varley, KE Ackerman… - Exercise and sport …, 2020 - journals.lww.com
• Nutritional status, and acute nutrient intake, can moderate the bone metabolic response to
exercise.• Appropriate use of biomarkers has the potential to progress knowledge on the …

The influence of fasting and energy-restricted diets on leptin and adiponectin levels in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis

HV Kord, GM Tinsley, HO Santos, H Zand, A Nazary… - Clinical Nutrition, 2021 - Elsevier
Background & aims Fasting and energy-restricted diets have been evaluated in several
studies as a means of improving cardiometabolic biomarkers related to body fat loss …