A review on proton exchange membrane multi-stack fuel cell systems: architecture, performance, and power management

S Zhou, L Fan, G Zhang, J Gao, Y Lu, P Zhao, C Wen… - Applied Energy, 2022 - Elsevier
To achieve carbon emission reduction and energy structure upgrading, the proton exchange
membrane (PEM) multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) is an option to meet high-power …

Recent progress and challenges of multi-stack fuel cell systems: Fault detection and reconfiguration, energy management strategies, and applications

R Ma, X Chai, R Geng, L Xu, R Xie, Y Zhou… - Energy Conversion and …, 2023 - Elsevier
The fuel cell is a powerful and environmentally friendly power generation device that is
widely used. However, conventional single-stack fuel cell systems (SFCS) may not be able …

A review of fuel cell powertrains for long-haul heavy-duty vehicles: technology, hydrogen, energy and thermal management solutions

S Pardhi, S Chakraborty, DD Tran, M El Baghdadi… - Energies, 2022 - mdpi.com
Long-haul heavy-duty vehicles, including trucks and coaches, contribute to a substantial
portion of the modern-day European carbon footprint and pose a major challenge in …

[HTML][HTML] Progress and challenges in multi-stack fuel cell system for high power applications: architecture and energy management

Y Qiu, T Zeng, C Zhang, G Wang, Y Wang, Z Hu… - Green Energy and …, 2023 - Elsevier
With the development of fuel cells, multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) for high power
application has shown tremendous development potential owing to their obvious …

Improved efficiency maximization strategy for vehicular dual-stack fuel cell system considering load state of sub-stacks through predictive soft-loading

C Zhang, T Zeng, Q Wu, C Deng, SH Chan, Z Liu - Renewable Energy, 2021 - Elsevier
The durability of vehicular fuel cells can be affected by severe load conditions, such as
ultrafast loading, frequent start/stop and idling/open-circuit operation. Currently, some fuel …

A novel power allocation strategy considering multi-objective comprehensive optimization for hybrid electric vehicles

Z Hua, T Wang, X Li, D Zhao, Y Wang, M Dou - Energy Conversion and …, 2023 - Elsevier
This research introduces a multi-objective comprehensive optimization power distribution
strategy (PDS), specifically designed for a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) that utilizes a …

Degraded mode operation of multi‐stack fuel cell systems

N Marx, DC Toquica Cárdenas… - … Electrical Systems in …, 2016 - Wiley Online Library
Multi‐stack fuel cell (MFC) systems provide higher performances and reliability than single‐
stack fuel cell systems through higher flexibility. The aim of this study is to investigate the …

Multi-stack lifetime improvement through adapted power electronic architecture in a fuel cell hybrid system

M Bahrami, JP Martin, G Maranzana, S Pierfederici… - Mathematics, 2020 - mdpi.com
To deal with the intermittency of renewable energy resources, hydrogen as an energy carrier
is a good solution. The Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) as a device that …

Comparison of the series and parallel architectures for hybrid multi-stack fuel cell-battery systems

N Marx, J Cardozo, L Boulon, F Gustin… - 2015 IEEE vehicle …, 2015 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Multistack fuel cell (MFC) systems provide a level of redundancy that is not available to
single stack systems. Depending on the chosen architecture, this redundancy can be used …

Hydrogen consumption minimization with optimal power allocation of multi-stack fuel cell system using particle swarm optimization

N Bouisalmane, T Wang, E Breaz… - … Conference & Expo …, 2021 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Concerning the fuel cell electric vehicles, the multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) offers
superior performance and reliability over single stack fuel cell system. In order to obtain the …