All organisms growing beyond the oxygen diffusion limit critically depend on a functional
vasculature for survival. Yet blood vessels are far more than passive, uniform conduits for …

During angiogenesis, new vessels emerge from existing endothelial lined vessels to
promote the degradation of the vascular basement membrane and remodel the extracellular …

Tumor cell vasculogenic mimicry (VM), also dubbed vascular mimicry, describes the
plasticity of aggressive cancer cells forming de novo vascular networks and is associated …

Therapeutic resistance represents a major cause of death for most lethal cancers. However,
the underlying mechanisms of such resistance have remained unclear. The polyploid cells …

While pulmonary ILC2s represent one of the major tissue-resident innate lymphoid cell
populations at steady state and are key drivers of cytokine secretion in their occupational …

Simple Summary Cytokines are small proteins that impact health and disease. They regulate
cell signaling and have been shown to affect the immune response to various diseases …

In recent decades, antiangiogenic therapy, which blocks the supply of oxygen and nutrition
to tumor cells, has become a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of patients with …

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM), a vessel-like structure independent of endothelial cells,
commonly exists in solid tumors which requires blood vessels to grow. As a special source …

Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most aggressive human malignancies and shows
increasing incidence. Mast cells (MCs), long-lived tissue-resident cells that are particularly …

Cytokines and chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) are soluble extracellular proteins that
bind to specific receptors and play an integral role in the cell-to-cell signaling network. In …