The dependence on fossil fuels has caused excessive emissions of greenhouse gases
(GHGs), leading to climate changes and global warming. Even though the expansion of …

Background Autotrophic carbon fixation is the primary route through which organic carbon
enters the biosphere, and it is a key step in the biogeochemical carbon cycle. The Calvin …

Climate change is a defining challenge of the 21st century, and this decade is a critical time
for action to mitigate the worst effects on human populations and ecosystems. Plant science …

Synthetic biology offers the opportunity to build solutions for improved capture and
conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) that outcompete those evolved by nature. Here we …

The chemical reactions that formed the building blocks of life at origins required catalysts,
whereby the nature of those catalysts influenced the type of products that accumulated …

Abstract Developing artificial “CO 2-sugar” platforms is meaningful for addressing
challenges posed by land scarcity and climate change to the supply of dietary sugar …

With the increase of CO2 emissions, a series of environmental and ecological problems
have been brought about, and there has been a growing focus on the rational development …

The use of gaseous and air-captured CO2 for technical biosynthesis is highly desired, but
elusive so far due to several obstacles including high energy (ATP, NADPH) demand, low …

CO 2 photoreduction by carbon nitride (CN) is an appealing idea, but its current efficiency
remains daunting for practical viability. The amine-functionalized CN with controllable …

Biorefinery production of fuels and chemicals represents an attractive route for solving
current energy crisis, as well as reducing green-house gas (GHG) emissions from ships …