Various environmental stressors, such as extreme temperatures (hot and cold), pathogens,
predators and insufficient food, can threaten life. Remarkable progress has recently been …

Fever in the neurocritical care setting is common and has a negative impact on outcome of
all disease types. Meta-analyses have demonstrated that fever at onset and in the acute …

Our knowledge of the pathophysiology about traumatic brain injury (TBI) is still limited.
Neutrophils, as the most abundant leukocytes in circulation and the first-line transmigrated …

Importance Current prehospital traumatic brain injury guidelines use a systolic blood
pressure threshold of less than 90 mm Hg for treating hypotension for individuals 10 years …

Introduction 3. Cytokines as endogenous pyrogenic and antipyretic agents 3.1. Interleukin 1
beta and the Interleukin 1 system 3.2. Tumor Necrosis Factor 3.3. Interleukin 6 3.4 …

Fever has been recognized as an important symptom of disease since ancient times. For
many years, fever was treated as a putative life-threatening phenomenon. More recently, it …

Vasomotor symptoms (VMS), commonly called hot flashes or flushes (HFs) and night
sweats, are the menopausal symptoms for which women seek treatment during menopause …

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is one of the most severe neurological
disorders, with a high mortality rate and severe disabling functional sequelae. Systemic …

Cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism are frequently impaired in a wide range of
neurological diseases, including traumatic brain injury and stroke, with several …

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a devastating disease, predominantely affecting young
people. Although the prognosis for TBI victims has improved in recent years, many survivors …