As a progressive chronic disease, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading
cause of irreversible vision impairment worldwide. Experimental and clinical evidence has …

Retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) is a unique variant of neovascular age-related
macular degeneration. Published studies have estimated that up to 15% of patients with …

Purpose: To demonstrate the evolution and treatment response of Type 3
neovascularization using spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Methods: We …

Purpose To compare baseline characteristics, visual acuity (VA), and morphologic outcomes
between eyes with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) and all other eyes among …

Neurofibromatosis (NF) is a multisystem disorder and tumor predisposition syndrome
caused by genetic mutation on chromosome 17-17q11. 2 in NF type 1 (NF1), and on …

Anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor (anti‐VEGF) agents represent the current standard of
care for neovascular age‐related macular degeneration (nAMD). Although effective in a …

J. Donald M. Gass defined a terminology for neovascularization in macular diseases that is
based on the anatomical location of the neovessels. He proposed the term “Type 1 …

Neurofibromatosis type 1, tuberous sclerosis complex, and Von Hippel‐Lindau disease,
historically classified as the phakomatoses, are hereditary multisystem disorders …

Type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV3), or retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), is a
distinct type of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is a leading …

Abnormal subretinal neovascularization is a characteristic of vision-threatening retinal
diseases, including macular telangiectasia (MacTel) and retinal angiomatous proliferation …