Large old trees are some of the most iconic biota on earth and are integral parts of many
terrestrial ecosystems including those in tropical, temperate and boreal forests, deserts …

Detection of bioaerosols, or primary biological aerosol particles (PBAPs), has become
increasingly important for a wide variety of research communities and scientific questions. In …

Mercury emissions from artisanal and small-scale gold mining throughout the Global South
exceed coal combustion as the largest global source of mercury. We examined mercury …

Mixed-species forest stands are well explored in their favourable ecological, economical,
and socio-economical functions and services compared with pure stands, but still poorly …

Extreme weather events, such as unusually hot or dry conditions, can cause death by
exceeding physiological limits, and so cause loss of population. Survival will depend on …

Forests are a major component of the global carbon cycle, and accurate estimation of forest
carbon stocks and fluxes is important in the context of anthropogenic global change …

Forest canopies are dynamic interfaces between organisms and atmosphere, providing
buffered microclimates and complex microhabitats. Canopies form vertically stratified …

Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a radiation flux emitted from chlorophyll
molecules and is considered an indicator of the actual functional state of plant …

Trees do not form a natural group but share attributes such as great size, longevity, and high
reproductive output that affect their mode and tempo of evolution. In particular, trees are …

The forest canopy is fundamentally important in biodiversity conservation and ecosystem
function. Cryptogamic epiphytes are dominant tree bole and canopy elements in temperate …