Many species of frogs and salamanders, in at least 12 families, alter their timing of hatching
in response to conditions affecting mortality of eggs or larvae. Some terrestrially laid or …

Many animals improve offspring survival through parental care. Research on coevolution
between parents has provided key insight into the genesis and maintenance of biparental …

Phenotypic plasticity in hatching age has been documented in many animals. A growing
body of research indicates that embryos can rapidly hatch to escape egg-stage risk …

Laying eggs out of water was crucial to the transition to land and has evolved repeatedly in
multiple animal phyla. However, testing hypotheses about this transition has been difficult …

Both parental care and hatching plasticity can improve embryo survival. Research has found
that parents can alter hatching time owing to a direct effect of care on embryogenesis or via …

Mechanosensory-cued hatching (MCH) is widespread, diverse and important for survival in
many animals. From flatworms and insects to frogs and turtles, embryos use …

Climate change is increasing both environmental temperatures and droughts. Many
ectotherms respond behaviorally to heat, thereby avoiding damage from extreme …

Terrestrial eggs have evolved repeatedly in tropical anurans exposing embryos to the new
threat of dehydration. Red-eyed treefrogs, Agalychnis callidryas, lay eggs on plants over …

Climate change is affecting rainfall patterns and increasing dry spells in the tropics. Although
many environmental conditions can affect the hatching timing and survival of amphibian …

The widespread ability to alter timing of hatching in response to environmental cues can
serve as a defense against threats to eggs. Arboreal embryos of red-eyed treefrogs …