Blue is a favored color of many humans. While blue skies and oceans are a common visual
experience, this color is less frequently observed in flowers. We first review how blue has …

Pollinator and herbivore interactions with individual plants can be strongly influenced by the
densities and frequencies of other plants in local neighborhoods. The importance of these …

Aims Floral traits are frequently studied in population biology and evolutionary ecology but
are rarely considered in functional trait‐based studies focusing on the assembly of …

Plants grow in communities where they interact with other plants and with other living
organisms such as pollinators. On the one hand, studies of plant–plant interactions rarely …

Pollination is an important ecosystem service to agriculture, however, the factors influencing
pollination in urban food gardens are poorly understood. We investigated how features …

Bipartite networks of flowering plants and their visitors (potential pollinators) are increasingly
being used in studies of the structure and function of these ecological interactions. Whilst …

Background and aims–Agricultural intensification and loss of farmland heterogeneity have
contributed to population declines of wild bees and other pollinators, which may have …

The balance of pollination competition and facilitation among co‐flowering plants and
abiotic resource availability can modify plant species and individual reproduction. Floral …

Ecological restoration is widely used to mitigate the negative impacts of anthropogenic
activities. There is an increasing demand to identify suitable restoration management …

Applications of ecological theory to natural communities often assume that competitive,
negative density‐dependent processes are the only type of interaction important for diversity …