This mini-review summarizes the current evidence for the role of macrophage activation and
polarization in inflammation and immune response pertinent to interstitial lung disease …

The liver is an essential organ that is critical for the removal of toxins, the production of
proteins, and the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. Behind each liver functional unit …

The inappropriate regenerated fibrous cartilage and subchondral bone of the injured
chondral defect ultimately cause degeneration of the regenerated cartilage, which …

The structural properties of biomaterials play crucial roles in guiding cell behavior and
influencing immune responses against the material. We fabricated electrospun membranes …

The failure of immune responses to vaccines and dysfunctional immune responses to viral
infection, tumor development, or neoantigens lead to chronic viral infection, tumor …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its inflammatory and often progressive subtype
nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), have emerged as significant contributors to hepatic …

Biomaterials are one of efficient treatment options for tissue defects in regenerative
medicine. Compared to synthetic materials which tend to induce chronic inflammatory …

Abstract Background CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4) is widely considered to be a highly
conserved G protein-coupled receptor, widely involved in the pathophysiological processes …

After implantation of a biomaterial, both the host immune system and properties of the
material determine the local immune response. Through triggering or modulating the local …

BACKGROUND Sustained injury, through radiotherapy, burns or surgical trauma, can result
in fibrosis, displaying an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), persisting …