Importance The incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (younger than 50 years) is rising
globally, the reasons for which are unclear. It appears to represent a unique disease …

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) released from gut enteroendocrine cells controls meal-
related glycemic excursions through augmentation of insulin and inhibition of glucagon …

Antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion (AIMD) has been used frequently to study the role
of the gut microbiome in pathological conditions. However, unlike germ-free mice, the effects …

The complex bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain is finely
orchestrated by different systems, including the endocrine, immune, autonomic, and enteric …

In order to ensure normal body function, the human body is dependent on a tight control of
its blood glucose levels. This is accomplished by a highly sophisticated network of various …

The recent increase in our knowledge of human gut microbiota has changed our view on
antibiotics. Antibiotics are, indeed, no longer considered only beneficial, but also potentially …

The worldwide obesity epidemic has emerged as a major cause of insulin resistance and
Type 2 diabetes. Chronic tissue inflammation is a well-recognized feature of obesity, and the …

Diabetes (DM) as well as obesity, due to their increasing incidence, were recognized as
epidemic by the World Health Organization. Obesity is involved not only in the …

The incretin effect describes the phenomenon whereby oral glucose elicits higher insulin
secretory responses than does intravenous glucose, despite inducing similar levels of …

Background Obesity develops due to an imbalance in energy homeostasis, wherein energy
intake exceeds energy expenditure. Accumulating evidence shows that manipulations of …