Sea anemones have been understudied as a source of peptide and protein toxins, with
relatively few examined as a source of new pharmacological tools or therapeutic leads. This …

Highlights•The K v 1.3 channel in T cells is a validated therapeutic target for autoimmune
diseases.•The most potent blockers are peptides from scorpions and sea anemones.•Phase …

The voltage-gated potassium channel KV 1.3 is a well-established therapeutic target for a
range of autoimmune diseases, in addition to being the site of action of many venom-derived …

Membrane proteins have diverse functions within cells and are well-established drug
targets. The advances in membrane protein structural biology have revealed drug and lipid …

Voltage-gated potassium channels play a key role in human physiology and pathology.
Reflecting their importance, numerous channelopathies have been characterised that arise …

Effector memory T lymphocytes (T EM cells) that lack expression of CCR7 are major drivers
of inflammation in a number of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis and …

HsTX1 toxin, from the scorpion Heterometrus spinnifer, is a 34-residue, C-terminally
amidated peptide cross-linked by four disulfide bridges. Here we describe new HsTX1 …

Abstract Background The ShK toxin from Stichodactyla helianthus has established the
therapeutic potential of sea anemone venom peptides, but many lineage-specific toxin …

ShK, from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus, is a 35-residue disulfide-rich peptide
that blocks the voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1. 3 at ca. 10 pM and the related channel …

Peptides mediate up to 40% of protein interactions, their high specificity and ability to bind in
places where small molecules cannot make them potential drug candidates. However …