This document is an update of guidelines for sedation and anesthesia in endoscopy
prepared by the Standards of Practice Committee of the American Society for …

Diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy can successfully be performed by applying moderate
(conscious) sedation. Moderate sedation, using midazolam and an opioid, is the standard …

Background & Aims Even though propofol use for gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures
has increased over the past decade, there is a perception that it causes a higher rate of …

Sedation in gastroenterological endoscopy has become an important medical option in
routine clinical care. Here, the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society and the …

Propofol, which is the most commonly used drug for induction of general anaesthesia, has
also become a popular drug for procedural sedation. Because its use may be associated …

Recently, the need for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopy has been increasing.
However, the N ational H ealth I nsurance D rug P rice list in J apan does not include any …

Background: Propofol for colonoscopy is largely administered by anesthesiologists or
anesthesiology nurses in the United States (US) and Europe. Endoscopist-directed …

Diseases of the pleura continue to affect a large population of patients worldwide and in the
United States. Pleural fluid analysis and accompanying imaging of the pleura including …

AIM: To compare deep sedation with propofol-fentanyl and midazolam-fentanyl regimens
during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. METHODS: After obtaining approval of the …

Background and study aims: Compared with air insufflation, water exchange and carbon
dioxide (CO 2) insufflation have been shown to reduce colonoscopy discomfort; however …