The paper aims to provide an overview of the key factors to consider when performing
reliable modelling of rail services. Given our underlying belief that to build a robust …

In urban rail transit systems, energy conservation is a challenging problem due to the rising
environmental and social issues. The existing literature on this topic usually ignores time …

Railway systems must increase their performance and economic competitiveness to remain
an effective and efficient transport mode. Energy efficiency goals are one of the main drivers …

Rail and metro systems are characterized by high-performing and environmentally friendly
features that make them a crucial factor for driving modal split towards public transport …

Traction electricity (TE) consumption in rail transportation (rail transport) is determined by
factors (determinant) related to the characteristics of railway lines and vehicles. They have …

With the increasing scale of the urban subway, the total energy consumption of the subway
has increased dramatically and poses a great challenge to the comfort of passengers and …

Future railway systems will need the support of more precise and reliable information on
train motion during operation, to fully exploit the potential of new technologies. Train motion …

The United Nations (UN) sustainable development goal of 'sustainable consumption and
production'promotes energy efficiency. All those who work with logistics in the wider context …

In recent years the growing interest in environmental issues has prompted researchers to
investigate two main areas in the field of rail systems: how to improve performance in order …

When railway traffic is perturbed, train rescheduling primarily aims at restoring feasibility,
which is subject to prescribed safety and operational rules. Secondary objectives may be …