The foundations of geometric morphometrics were worked out about 30 years ago and have
continually been refined and extended. What has remained as a central thrust and source of …

Variations in the form of the human face, which plays a role in our individual identities and
societal interactions, have fascinated scientists and artists alike. Here, we review our current …

Background and objective Accurate and repeatable detection of craniofacial landmarks is
crucial for automated quantitative evaluation of head development anomalies. Since …

Characterising phenotypes often requires quantification of anatomical shape. Quantitative
shape comparison (morphometrics) traditionally uses manually located landmarks and is …

ABSTRACT The FaceBase Consortium was established by the National Institute of Dental
and Craniofacial Research in 2009 as a 'big data'resource for the craniofacial research …

Artificial intelligence (AI) platforms have emerged as pivotal tools in genetics and molecular
medicine, as in many other fields. The growth in patient data, identification of new diseases …

Epigenetic and chromatin regulation of craniofacial development remains poorly
understood. Ankyrin Repeat Domain 11 (ANKRD11) is a chromatin regulator that has …

Craniofacial phenotyping is critical for both syndrome delineation and diagnosis because
craniofacial abnormalities occur in 30% of characterized genetic syndromes. Clinical …

Deviation from a normal facial shape and symmetry can arise from numerous sources,
including physical injury and congenital birth defects. Such abnormalities can have …

Up to 40% of rare disorders (RD) present facial dysmorphologies, and visual assessment is
commonly used for clinical diagnosis. Quantitative approaches are more objective, but …