Women are at twice the risk for anxiety and depression disorders as men are, although the
underlying biological factors and mechanisms are largely unknown. In this review, we …

The early-life social environment can induce stable changes that influence
neurodevelopment and mental health. Research focused on early-life adversity revealed …

Psychiatric disorders are complex multifactorial illnesses involving chronic alterations in
neural circuit structure and function as well as likely abnormalities in glial cells. While …

Early-life adversity increases the risk for psychopathology in later life. The underlying
mechanism (s) is unknown, but epigenetic variation represents a plausible candidate. Early …

Gut microbiota colonization is a key event for host physiology that occurs early in life.
Disruption of this process leads to altered brain development which ultimately manifests as …

Abstract Development is a dynamic process that involves interplay between genes and the
environment. In mammals, the quality of the postnatal environment is shaped by parent …

Early life stress (ELS) developmental effects have been widely studied by preclinical
researchers. Despite the growing body of evidence from ELS models, such as the maternal …

Epigenetic modifications in response to traumatic experience and stress are emerging as
important factors in the long-term biological trajectories leading to stress-related psychiatric …

Early life stress (ELS), in the form of childhood maltreatment, abuse, or neglect, increases
the risk for psychiatric sequelae later in life. The neurobiology of response to early stress …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a chronic, generally episodic and debilitating disease
that affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide, but its pathogenesis is poorly …