Significance: The selenium-containing Glutathione peroxidases (GPxs) 1–4 protect against
oxidative challenge, inhibit inflammation and oxidant-induced regulated cell death. Recent …

A common need for microbial cells is the ability to respond to potentially toxic environmental
insults. Here we review the progress in understanding the response of the yeast …

Transcription factors (TFs) that bind common DNA motifs in vitro occupy distinct sets of
promoters in vivo, raising the question of how binding specificity is achieved. TFs are …

The pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) is a fundamental component of cellular metabolism.
The PPP is important to maintain carbon homoeostasis, to provide precursors for nucleotide …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced and eliminated by living
organisms normally maintaining ROS at certain steady-state levels. Under some …

The ability to adapt to altered availability of free water is a fundamental property of living
cells. The principles underlying osmoadaptation are well conserved. The yeast …

The metabolism of aerobic organisms continuously produces reactive oxygen species.
Although potentially toxic, these compounds also function in signaling. One important …

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) belongs to the reactive oxygen species (ROS), known as
oxidants that can react with various cellular targets thereby causing cell damage or even cell …

The yeast cell wall is a highly dynamic structure that is responsible for protecting the cell
from rapid changes in external osmotic potential. The wall is also critical for cell expansion …

The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic activities of water and ethanol extracts of 14
Chinese medicinal plants were investigated and also their total phenolics and flavonoid …