Bacterial sigma (σ) factors are an essential component of RNA polymerase and determine
promoter selectivity. The substitution of one σ factor for another can redirect some or all of …

▪ Abstract Envelope stress responses play important pysiological roles in a variety of
processes, including protein folding, cell wall biosynthesis, and pathogenesis. Many of these …

Spore formation by the bacterium Bacillus subtilis is an elaborate developmental process
that is triggered by nutrient limitation. Here we report that cells that have entered the …

Gene arrays containing all currently known open reading frames of Bacillus subtilis were
used to examine the general stress response of Bacillus. By proteomics, transcriptional …

Bacillus subtilis encodes seven extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors. The σ W
regulon includes functions involved in detoxification and protection against antimicrobials …

A social behavior named cannibalism has been described during the early stages of
sporulation of the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis. This phenomenon is based on the …

Bacillus subtilis cells entering stationary phase due to nutrient deprivation have a number of
options. Complex interconnected regulatory circuits govern differential gene expression …

Bacillus subtilis produces many antibiotics of varying structures and specificity. Here we
identify a prominent role for σW, an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor, in …

When confronted with a stress factor, bacteria react with a specific stress response, a
genetically encoded programme resulting in the transiently enhanced expression of a …

Daptomycin (DAP) is a cyclic lipopeptide that disrupts the functional integrity of the cell
membranes of Gram-positive bacteria in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Here we present …