Caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world. Natural sources of
caffeine include coffee, tea, and chocolate. Synthetic caffeine is also added to products to …

Background The psychostimulant properties of caffeine are reviewed and compared with
those of prototypical psychostimulants able to cause substance use disorders (SUD) …

With the worldwide consumption of energy drinks increasing in recent years, concerns have
been raised both in the scientific community and among the general public about the health …

Energy drinks are emerging as a major component of the beverage market with sales
projected to top $60 billion globally in the next five years. Energy drinks contain a variety of …

The prevalence of ED consumption has increased over the past 10–15 years. Studies
describing the effects of caffeine and caffeinated beverages show confusing results, so it …

Purpose Consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) is a high-risk drinking
practice. This systematic review examines how AmED use contributes to aggression …

Objective Caffeine use is common in children and adolescents, but the recommendations for
safe consumption are based on decades-old data collected exclusively in adults. Increased …

This course develops a critical understanding of contemporary psychological approaches to
addiction. Students are introduced to psychological theories of addiction from the fields of …

Energy drinks are popular beverages that typically include high levels of caffeine and other
ingredients such as taurine, or caffeine-containing herbs, such as guarana. While energy …

Alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine use in at-risk populations is a public health concern that
claims over 550,000 lives annually. Self-reported surveys from college students often reveal …