Abstract Organs-on-chips (OoCs) are systems containing engineered or natural miniature
tissues grown inside microfluidic chips. To better mimic human physiology, the chips are …

Cancer cells originate from a series of acquired genetic mutations that can drive their
uncontrolled cell proliferation and immune evasion. Environmental factors, including the …

Microbiome studies have become routine in biomedical, agricultural and environmental
sciences with diverse aims, including diversity profiling, functional characterization, and …

The rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including strains that are resistant to last-resort
antibiotics, and the limited ability of antibiotics to eradicate biofilms have necessitated the …

The human microbiome constitutes a complex multikingdom community that symbiotically
interacts with the host across multiple body sites. Host-microbiome interactions impact …

The microbiome shapes many host traits, yet the biology of microbiomes challenges
traditional evolutionary models. Here, we illustrate how integrating the microbiome into …

The intestine harbours a complex array of microorganisms collectively known as the gut
microbiota. The past two decades have witnessed increasing interest in studying the gut …

Human vagina is colonised by a diverse array of microorganisms that make up the normal
microbiota and mycobiota. Lactobacillus is the most frequently isolated microorganism from …

A substantial body of evidence supports that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the
regulation of metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. In recent years, there has been …

Recent studies have brought forward the critical role of emergent properties in shaping
microbial communities and the ecosystems of which they are a part. Emergent properties …