This paper reviews the state of the art in spin-torque and spin-Hall-effect-driven nano-
oscillators. After a brief introduction to the underlying physics, the authors discuss different …

For many decades CMOS devices have been successfully scaled down to achieve higher
speed and increased performance of integrated circuits at lower cost. Today's charge-based …

Spin torque oscillators with nanoscale electrical contacts,,, are able to produce coherent
spin waves in extended magnetic films, and offer an attractive combination of electrical and …

The synchronization of multiple nanocontact spin-torque oscillators (NC-STOs) is mediated
by propagating spin waves (SWs). Although it has been shown that the Oersted field …

Spin–torque nano–oscillators (STNOs) have outstanding advantages of a high degree of
compactness, high–frequency tunability and good compatibility with the standard …

Spin–torque oscillators offer a unique combination of nanosize, ultrafast modulation rates
and ultrawide band signal generation from 100 MHz to close to 100 GHz. However, their low …

Spin-transfer nano-oscillators (STNOs) are nanosized microwave signal generators based
on spin-transfer torque and the magnetoresistance effect. So far, the low output power of …

Short wavelength exchange-dominated propagating spin waves will enable magnonic
devices to operate at higher frequencies and higher data transmission rates. While giant …

We present a comprehensive review of the most recent advances in nanocontact spin torque
oscillators (NC-STOs). NC-STOs are highly tunable, with both applied magnetic field and dc …

Spin torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) hold significant promise for communication and bio-
inspired computing applications. However, their modulation capability is constrained by a …