More than two hundred papers have reported genome-wide data from ancient humans.
While the raw data for the vast majority are fully publicly available testifying to the …

The maritime expansion of Scandinavian populations during the Viking Age (about ad 750–
1050) was a far-flung transformation in world history 1, 2. Here we sequenced the genomes …

The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major
cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which …

Ancient Rome was the capital of an empire of~ 70 million inhabitants, but little is known
about the genetics of ancient Romans. Here we present 127 genomes from 29 …

The nature and distribution of political power in Europe during the Neolithic era remains
poorly understood. During this period, many societies began to invest heavily in building …

The sequencing of modern and ancient genomes from around the world has revolutionized
our understanding of human history and evolution. However, the problem of how best to …

The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous
ramifications for human history. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads …

This paper reviews the achievements and challenges of archaeological research on Viking
Age northern Europe and explores potential avenues for future research. We identify the …

During the past ten years, archaeogenetic research has exponentially grown to study the
genetic history of human populations, using genome-wide data from large numbers of …

Skin pigmentation is a classic example of a polygenic trait that has experienced directional
selection in humans. Genome-wide association studies have identified well over a hundred …