Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are networks with devices that can detect, process, store,
and communicate wirelessly. Each network terminal can have multiple sensing devices that …

Clustering sensor nodes is an effective method in designing routing algorithms for Wireless
Sensor Networks (WSNs), which improves network lifetime and energy efficiency. In …

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a cluster of wireless mobile gadgets that creates a
temporary network without seeking support from any infrastructure or central management …

Congestion is one of the pervasive issues for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) because of
its bounded resources with respect to data processing, storage, transmission capacity and …

Nowadays due to smart environment creation there is a rapid growth in wireless sensor
network (WSN) technology real time applications. The most critical resource in in WSN is …

Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) is a wireless network in which data is transferred in a
forwarding direction from the source node to the destination node via multiple intermediate …

Clustering is an effective strategy for creating routing algorithms in Wireless Sensor
Networks (WSNs), which increases the network's lifetime and scalability. In the clustered …

Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) is a collection of billions of smart objects connected via
different types of communication media. Although IoT devices generate enormous data, they …

In practical wireless sensor networks (WSNs), routing schemes determine the message-
forwarding direction of sensor nodes, which have a significant impact on the cascading …

The sinkhole attack in an edge-based Internet of Things (IoT) environment (EIoT) can
devastate and ruin the whole functioning of the communication. The sinkhole attacker nodes …